Science images

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mass spectroscopy Helium is applied broadly in science and technology, from nuclear magnetic resonance to computer microchip production and devices like this mass spectroscopy apparatus.		3 fossils Erik Trinkaus A human jawbone (left), dated to between 34,000 and 36,000 years ago, along with a facial skeleton (center) and a temporal bone (right), both of which are still undergoing analysis, but are likely to be the same age as the jawbone.		AAAS annual mtg. logo		AAAS logo
aftershock map Image courtesy of CERI A map of the surrounding area and aftershocks felt from the April 18 earthquake.		Al-Dahhan David Kilper/WUSTL Photo Muthanna Al-Dahhan (left) and graduate student Rajneesh Varma are researching effective ways to take agricultural waste and make biofuel out of it.		Alian Wang-Mars		alligator on stilts Image courtesy of Karin Peyer, 2001 Postosuchus, the "alligator on stilts,' was quite a mover in its day.
allison miller with man Courtesy of Allison Miller and Missouri Botanical Garden		amend underwater		amend, jan in water		Angenent in lab II
angenent w/student David Kilper / WUSTL Photo		Angenent, Lars Lars Angenent holds a biosampler while postdoctoral researcher Bala Ramaswami works behind him. Angenent and a team of researchers used a molecular technique to identify a bioaerosol that made lifeguards working at a hot water therapy pool ill.		angenent, lars with fuel cell David Kilper/WUSTL Photo Lars Angenent, Ph.D., assistant professor of energy, environmental and chemical engineering, points to the mixed medium of thousands of organisms that help turn treated wastewater into electricity in this microbial fuel cell.		anolis lizard Photo by Jonathan Losos Anolis grahami, a trunk-crown anole, lives high on the trunk and among among branches in Jamaica
Antarctica airplane		Antarctica_researchers		arabidopsis		arabidopsis plant Image courtesy of NASA
Arabidopsis thaliana Arabidopsis thaliana		Aristo robot Aristo, the Washington University robot, uses sensor networks to avoid simulated "fire" - red cups - while navigating near "safe" areas,which are blue cups.		arizona logo		arrow brain graphic Joshua Brown/WUSTL Researchers provided study participants with a series of blue or white cues and asked them to push one button or another depending on the direction of arrows. Brain imaging suggested that an area of the brain had ?learned? to recognize that blue cues indicated a greater potential for error, thus providing an early warning signal that negative consequences were likely to follow their behavior.
Arvidson Heet Phoenix Mission Tabatha Heet, a junior earth and planetary sciences major and Pathfinder student, shows Ray Arvidson, earth and planetary sciences department chair, a potential landing site for the Phoenix mission to Mars.		arvidson signing document David Kilper/WUSTL Photo Raymond E. Arvidson, Ph.D., James S. McDonnell Distinguished University Professor, and chair of earth and planetary sciences (left), and Dong Shuwen, Ph.D., vice president of the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, sign an agreement between Arivdison's department and the Academy to collaborate on various research projects, among them the analysis and archiving of remote sensing data from the Chinese lunar probe project, Chang?E-1, set to be launched next month. The agreement was signed Sept.18, 2007 at WUSTL.		arvidson with students For many undergraduates, the idea of determining the landing site for a Mars Rover or taking pictures with its robotic arm is something from a science fiction movie. But Raymond E. Arvidson, James S. McDonnell Distinguished University Professor in Arts & Sciences and Chair of the Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, has made it a reality for some students.		arvidson yellow bar
astronaut behnken		Banana dumptruck WUSTL Image/Eric Patton Mental Imagery Memorization Strategy: Forming an interactive mental image of an object, such as this animated cartoon of a truck dumping an oversized banana, is one of the four main memorization strategies commonly employed by participants in the Neuron study.		barch, deanna with patient WUSTL psychology researcher and study co-author Deanna Barch (center) discusses brain imaging techniques used in the experiment, which At used the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) machine (shown at right) to monitor brain activity as people with schizophrenia performed a series of memory-related tasks.		Bayly Taber lab David Kilper/WUSTL Photo
bee close up		bee on flower		Biological Chip David Kilper/WUSTL Photo The electrodes on this chip (about an inch long and a half-inch wide) can monitor the biological behavior of 12,000 molecules simultaneously.		Biswas Water David Kilper/WUSTL Photo Pratim Biswas and his group have developed a method to make a variety of oxide semiconductors that, when put into water promote chemical reactions that split water into hydrogen and oxygen.
biswas, pratim in lab		blankenship lab David Kilper/WUSTL Photo Robert Blankenship, professor of biology and chemistry at Washington University in St. Louis, holds the cyanobacteria Acaryochloris marina, a rare bacterium that uses chlorophyll d for photosynthesis. Blankenship led the group that sequenced the organism's genome, which was the first chlorophyll d-containing organism to be sequenced.		bonanza family		bonobo with baby Image courtesy of Marian Brickner
bottle and tap water David Kilper / WUSTL Photo		brain info diagrams Graphic by Kathleen McDermott A related-word recall test used to study false memories has proven to be especially effective in spurring activity in the brain?s key language processing areas.		brain resting areas Image courtesy of Cindy Lustig Parts of the brain involved in a "resting network" show large differences between young adults, older adults, and people with Alzheimer's disease.		brain surgery Jeff Ojemann/University of Washington Improved techniques for the mapping of the brain's language areas using functional magnetic resonance imaging (top) may replace much more invasive pre-surgery mapping techniques, such as electrocortical stimulation (bottom), which requires a patient to be awake and conversant while surgeons probe exposed brain areas in an effort to locate and map language-related functions.
brain/stoplight graphic Joshua Brown of WUSTL A new theory suggests that the anterior cingulate cortex, described by some scientists as part of the brain?s ?oops center,? may actually function as an early warning system -- one that works at a subconscious level to help us recognize and avoid high-risk situations.		Braude, Stanton Stanton Braude		brent-doering		calm sea
canola vortex Clip of the award-winning video that shows (from left) canola oil, STP fuel oil and STP fuel additive mixing with water.		Chemical Library 02		cheney speech 'Kinder, genter' A system developed by a biomedical engineer at WUSTL could aid thousands of heart patients like U.S. Vice President Dick Cheney, who wears an implantable cardioverter defibrillator inside his chest.		Chicago 1968 Dem. convention
Coach - wrestling kids Photo courtesy University of Iowa		Computer Library		comstock lode cross		Cotton picker Photo courtesy USDA A WUSTL biologist has advanced the understanding of plant cell walls, which are crucial to plants such as cotton, which needs the cell wall to impart elasticity in cotton fibers.
Couple in Hot Tub		crab fossil This well-preserved fossil of a crab was found within inches of a dinosaur tail in Egypt's Bahariya Oasis, the first evidence in literature of the two found together.		Criss - survey Robert Criss, Ph.D., professor of earth and planetary sciences in Arts & Sciences, has analyzed data from the Lewis and Clark expedition and says it shows that the Missouri River today is but a shadow of what it was two hundred years ago, narrower and more prone to serious flooding.		cyanobacteria pakrasi Image courtesy of The Pakrasi Lab
dance floor construction		dance floor lit		daydream brain Image courtesy of Benjamin Shannon, John Cirrito, and Robert Brendza Washington University in St. Louis Brain regions active during default mental tates in young adults reveal remarkable correlation with those regions showing Alzheimer's disease pathology.		democratic convention 68 order
Donkey skeletons		dual image Plaque image courtesy of NIH A twenty-eight-day old Physcomitrella (left) moss gametophyte has a surprising link to an amyloid plaque, (right) found in brains that have Alzheimer's disease.		duncan lab David Kilper / WUSTL Photo		Eagle bones
earth from space Image courtesy of NASA "How the Earth Works" is a boxed set of 48 30-minute video lectures developed and delivered by WUSTL's Michael E. Wysession. The lectures explore every aspect of the Earth and are designed to appeal to the curious lay public.		Earthlike planet Image courtesy of NASA This is an artit's rendition of an Earthlike extrasolar planet and its sun. WUSTL planetary chemist Bruce Fegley says new computer models can make predicitons on what the atmospheric chemistry of such planets might be.		earthquake map Image courtesy CERI Map of the region surrounding Memphis, TN. Darker orange area is covered by think sediments called the Mississippi embayment, that affect how the ground shakes during earthquakes. White lines indicate likely locations of faults, and black dots show the locations of earthquakes since the mid-1970s.		Earthquake Model The figure shows the dynamics of a slab-tear earthquake (top), compared with a shallow thrust earthquake (bottom). The slab-tearing event typically doesn't feature an accompanying tsunami.
Einstein / sky ? Punchstock Einstein predicted that the Earth would warp space as it rotates.		Elbert and Alford Photo by David Kilper / WUSTL Photo New biomaterials greatly reduce the risk of blood clotting.		elemental sulfur on mountain Elemental sulfur atop La Fossa, Vulcano. The islands of Lipari and Salina are in the background.		Enceladus moon NASA/JPL/Space Science Institute
EPA - Backus Photo by Joe Angeles / WUSTL Photo Bruce Backus (left), Washington University assistant vice chancellor of environmental health and safety, and United States Environmental Proteaction Agency Administrator Stephen L. Johnson.		EPA - Vapor Hood Photo by Joe Angeles / WUSTL Photo		epilepsy drug / worm CREDIT: THE NATIONAL HUMAN GENOME RESEARCH INSTITUTE Staying alive. Anticonvulsant drugs promote longevity in roundworms like this one.		Ernst Zimmer
Europa NASA		Europa ice shell NASA/JPL Thick or thin ice shell on Jupiter’s moon Europa? Scientists are all but certain that Europa has an ocean underneath its surface ice, but do not know how thick this ice might be. This artists’ conception illustrates two possible cut-away views through Europa’s ice shell. In both heat escapes, possibly volcanically, from Europa’s rocky mantle and is carried upward by buoyant oceanic currents. If the heat from below is intense and the ice shell is thin enough (left), the ice shell can directly melt, causing what are called “chaos” on Europa, regions of what appear to be broken, rotated, and tilted ice blocks. On the other hand, if the ice shell is sufficiently thick (right), the less intense interior heat will be transferred to the warmer ice at the bottom of the shell, and additional heat is generated by tidal squeezing of the warmer ice. This warmer ice will slowly rise, flowing as glaciers do on Earth, and the slow but steady motion may also disrupt the extremely cold, brittle ice at the surface. Europa is no larger than Earth’s moon, and its internal heating stems from its eccentric orbit about Jupiter, seen in the distance. As tides raised by Jupiter in Europa’s ocean rise and fall, they may cause cracking, additional heating, and even venting of water vapor into the airless sky above Europa’s icy surface. (Artwork by Michael Carroll.)		eurpoa exploration NASA/JPL Possible Sequence of Europa Exploration. Almost 30 years ago, Voyagers 1 and 2 (lower left) made their historic rendezvous with the Jupiter system, and first revealed Europa’s icy covered surface to human eyes. In 1995 the Galileo spacecraft went into orbit about Jupiter, and for years studied the giant planet and its major moons. From this mission, we learned that Europa is a world covered with a global ocean about 100 km (60 miles) deep, and that this ocean was capped, liked the Earth’s Arctic Ocean, with a shell of solid ice. To learn more about this ocean and the ice shell above, and especially to investigate ocean’s suitability to sustain life, will require the next step, a future mission dedicated to exploring Europa from orbit about the moon itself (center). Both NASA and ESA (the European Space Agency) are actively studying launching such a mission in the next 10 years. If such a mission is launched, and depending on what is found, future missions to Europa may involve landers or even autonomous vehicles - called cryobots (upper right) - that melt through the ice to explore the ocean below, perhaps sometime later in this century.		exoplanet
Fattening Ice Cream		Fay, Michael (Picture - PBS) J. Michael Fay, Explorer		fegley and schaefer David Kilper/WUSTL Photo		fegley with venus rock David Kilper/WUSTL Photo Bruce Fegley, Jr., Ph.D., professor of earth and planetary sciences in Arts & Sciences, and Laura Schaefer, resarch assistant in the Planetary Chemistry Laboratory, with a chunk of galena, or lead sulfite. The researchers have determined that the feature on Venus that looks like snow is composed of both lead and bismuth sulfides, settling a long-time controversy in the planetary community.
fish in water Male Bahamas mosquitofish (left) chasing a female (right) in a blue hole on Andros Island, The Bahamas.		fitter families Photo and caption courtesy of U. of Oregon		flanagan, kathryn Flanagan		Flood photo Image courtesy of NOAA WUSTL geologist Robert Criss warns of "serious water" that could give some areas their second worst flood on record.
fMRI and slimy brain Jeff Ojemann/University of Washington Improved techniques for the mapping of the brain?s language areas using functional magnetic resonance imaging (top) may replace much more invasive pre-surgery mapping techniques, such as electrocortical stimulation (right), which requires a patient to be awake and conversant while surgeons identify areas vital to language function.		Fossett / GlobalFlyer Rob Layman/Valley Press, via AP Steve Fossett, the pilot, taking the GlobalFlyer for a test flight last month over Mojave, Calif.		frog foot Copyright Pieter Johnson		frog no leg Copyright Pieter Johnson
fruit fly head		Gell-Mann, Murray Gell-Mann		Genesis Crashed USAF 388th Range Sqd		Giammar
giammar and water David Kilper / WUSTL Photo		Giering, Jeffery Jeffery Giering plays his electric violin as a means of unwinding from his studies and research.		GIS		glacier Image courtesy USGS A team of geologists from China and the United States, including two from WUSTL, report evidence of at least three ice ages occurring between 750 and 600 million years.
Griggs, Laurel (lab) Laurel E. Griggs (right) explains some of her research to fellow students. Griggs, 20, graduated with two undergraduate degrees and a masters, a Hertz and a Fulbright Fellowship.		hands off computer		hands on computer Images courtesy of Richard Abrams		hearing A mathematician and doctoral student in electrical engineering at Washington Unviersity in St. Louis have devised a hearing test that measures the auditory brainstem response (ABR) twenty times faster than current methodology.
Herzog - mice Photo by David Kilper / WUSTL Photo A team led by Erik Herzog (shown in laboratory) has discovered a large biological clock in the smelling center of mice brains and has shown that the sense of smell for mice is stronger at night, peaking in evening hours and waning during day light hours.		Herzog, Erik - lab		historical missouri Washington University earth and planetary scientists say the present-day Mirrouri River is narrower and more prone to flooding because of extensive damming of the river, especially in the 20th century.		Hobbit Fossil Photo by Robert Boston
Hot Spring In Old Faithful Carrine Blank/WUSTL Photo A hot spring at old faithful in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming. A WUSTL scientist suggests that Cyanobacteria arose in freshwater environments rather than in the sea.		hubble telescope Photo courtesy of NASA		humans on mars NASA image Mars Exploration Rover mission scientists remind us that the amazing success of the rovers Spirit and Opportunity is a harbinger for the day when humans inhabit the Red Planet.		Ideally, we could use version similar to powerpoint slide #1, which has labels in the image that ide Graphic by Kathleen McDermott
Indian Cotton 1 An Indian woman picks cotton in a field in the Warangal District of Ahdhra Pradesh in India. Glenn D. Stone, Ph.D., professor of anthroplogy and environmental studies in Arts & Sciences, has studied how the arrival of genetically modified crops has affected farmers in a key area of the developing world.		Indian Cotton 2		invert frog foot Pieter Johnson		Io moon
Iraqi smoke		jet propulsion laboratory logo		Jon Chase and pond WUSTL senior Ruth Poland and Jonathan Chase, Ph.D., associate professor of biology and director of WUSTL's Tyson Research Center, check species out in one of Tyson's ponds. In a new study, Chase reports that ponds in a region following drought repopulate in a very similar way in a "keeping up with the Joneses" manner.		josh smith in desert
Josh Smith, Libyan rock